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VLANs separate broadcast domains, so discovery fails unless the gateway relays the required multicast traffic and permits the later unicast connection.

Sensor retention multiplies storage through sample frequency, entity count, database overhead, indexes, backups, and years of raw or rolled-up history.

Out-of-order events break automations when arrival order is mistaken for real-world order, letting stale updates overwrite newer state or trigger late actions.

Local voice needs low end-to-end latency because delays accumulate across listening, transcription, intent, device action, and spoken response stages.

Processing camera events before retention turns raw motion into tracked, filtered context so a home NVR saves more useful footage and metadata.

A smart home server needs multiple Matter controllers only when several platforms require independent local access, trust, automations, or redundancy.

A Thread border router routes IPv6 packets between the low-power Thread mesh and the home LAN; the server’s Matter controller handles device control.

A reboot creates a new MQTT subscription timeline, so retained, queued, discovery, and availability messages can rebuild or alter server state.